Business API Design Specification - Create Shift

A Business API is a set of logical actions centered around a main data object. These actions can range from simple CRUD operations to complex workflows that implement intricate business logic.

While the term “API” traditionally refers to an interface that allows software systems to interact, in Mindbricks a Business API represents a broader concept. It encapsulates a business workflow around a data object, going beyond basic CRUD operations to include rich, internally coordinated actions that can be fully designed and customized.

This document provides an in-depth explanation of the architectural design of the createShift Business API. It is intended to guide backend architects and developers in maintaining the current design. Additionally, frontend developers and frontend AI agents can use this document to understand how to properly consume this API on the client side.

Main Data Object and CRUD Operation

The createShift Business API is designed to handle a create operation on the Shift data object. This operation is performed under the specified conditions and may include additional, coordinated actions as part of the workflow.

API Description

Create a shift for a specific date, with assigned users or departments. Enforces conflict detection: blocks if any assigned user has an overlapping shift OR an approved leave request covering the shift date.

API Options

API Controllers

A Mindbricks Business API can be accessed through multiple interfaces, including REST, gRPC, WebSocket, Kafka, or Cron. The controllers listed below map the business workflow to a specific interface, enabling consistent interaction regardless of the communication channel.

REST Controller

The createShift Business API includes a REST controller that can be triggered via the following route:

/v1/shifts

By sending a request to this route using the service API address, you can execute this Business API. Parameters can be provided in multiple HTTP locations, including the URL path, URL query, request body, and request headers. Detailed information about these parameters is provided in the Parameters section.

MCP Tool

REST controllers also expose the Business API as a tool in the MCP, making it accessible to AI agents. This createShift Business API will be registered as a tool on the MCP server within the service binding.

API Parameters

The createShift Business API has 10 parameters that must be sent from the controller. Note that all parameters, except session and Redis parameters, should be provided by the client.

Business API parameters can be:

Regular Parameters

Name Type Required Default Location Data Path
shiftId ID No - body shiftId
Description: This id paremeter is used to create the data object with a given specific id. Leave null for automatic id.
shiftDate Date Yes - body shiftDate
Description: Date of shift (YYYY-MM-DD).
startTime String Yes - body startTime
Description: Shift start time (HH:mm local time).
endTime String Yes - body endTime
Description: Shift end time (HH:mm local time).
location String No - body location
Description: Physical or logical location for the shift (if applicable).
departmentId ID No - body departmentId
Description: Limits or indicates department responsible for this shift.
assignedUserIds ID[] No - body assignedUserIds
Description: User IDs assigned to the shift. — Array parameter: must be sent as a JSON array (e.g. ["a","b"]) even with a single value (["a"]). Bare scalars fail validation.
assignedDepartmentIds ID[] No - body assignedDepartmentIds
Description: Department IDs (userGroups) assigned to the shift; employees in these groups are considered assigned. — Array parameter: must be sent as a JSON array (e.g. ["a","b"]) even with a single value (["a"]). Bare scalars fail validation.
status Enum Yes - body status
Description: Status of the shift (scheduled, completed, cancelled).
createdBy ID Yes - session userId
Description: User who created the shift.

Parameter Transformations

Some parameters are post-processed using transform scripts after being read from the request but before validation or workflow execution. Only parameters with a transform script are listed below.

No parameters are transformed in this API.

AUTH Configuration

The authentication and authorization configuration defines the core access rules for the createShift Business API. These checks are applied after parameter validation and before executing the main business logic.

While these settings cover the most common scenarios, more fine-grained or conditional access control—such as permissions based on object context, nested memberships, or custom workflows—should be implemented using explicit actions like PermissionCheckAction, MembershipCheckAction, or ObjectPermissionCheckAction.

Login Requirement

This API requires login (loginRequired = true). Requests from non-logged-in users will return a 401 Unauthorized error. Login is necessary but not sufficient, as additional role, permission, or other authorization checks may still apply.

Ownership Checks

Role and Permission Settings

Data Clause

Defines custom field-value assignments used to modify or augment the default payload for create and update operations. These settings override values derived from the session or parameters if explicitly provided.", Note that a default data clause is always prepared by Mindbricks using data property settings, however any property in the data clause can be override by Data Clause Settings.

Custom Data Clause Override No custom data clause override configured

Actual Data Clause

The business api will use the following data clause. Note that any calculated value will be added to the data clause in the api manager.

{
  id: this.shiftId,
  companyId: this.companyId,
  shiftDate: this.shiftDate,
  startTime: this.startTime,
  endTime: this.endTime,
  location: this.location,
  departmentId: this.departmentId,
  assignedUserIds: this.assignedUserIds,
  assignedDepartmentIds: this.assignedDepartmentIds,
  status: this.status,
  createdBy: this.createdBy,
  isActive: true,
  _archivedAt: null,
}

Business Logic Workflow

[1] Step : startBusinessApi

Manager initializes context, populates session and request objects, prepares internal structures for parameter handling and workflow execution.

You can use the following settings to change some behavior of this step. apiOptions, restSettings, grpcSettings, kafkaSettings, sseSettings, cronSettings

[2] Step : readParameters

Manager reads input parameters, normalizes missing values, applies default type casting, and stores them in the API context.

You can use the following settings to change some behavior of this step. customParameters, redisParameters

[3] Step : transposeParameters

Manager transforms parameters, computes derived values, flattens or remaps arrays/objects, and adjusts formats for downstream processing.

[4] Step : checkParameters

Manager executes built-in validations: required field checks, type enforcement, and basic business rules. Prevents operation if validation fails.

[5] Action : detectShiftAssignmentConflicts

Action Type: FunctionCallAction

Checks for overlapping shift assignments for each assigned user and department; raises error if conflict detected.

class Api {
  async detectShiftAssignmentConflicts() {
    try {
      return runMScript(() => LIB.detectShiftAssignmentConflicts(this), {
        path: "services[2].businessLogic[5].actions.functionCallActions[0].callScript",
      });
    } catch (err) {
      console.error(
        "Error in FunctionCallAction detectShiftAssignmentConflicts:",
        err,
      );
      throw err;
    }
  }
}

[6] Action : blockIfConflictsFound

Action Type: ValidationAction

Blocks shift creation if assignment conflicts exist.

class Api {
  async blockIfConflictsFound() {
    let isError;
    try {
      isError = runMScript(() => this.conflicts && this.conflicts.length > 0, {
        path: "services[2].businessLogic[5].actions.validationActions[0].validationScript",
      });
    } catch (err) {
      throw new HttpServerError(
        `Validation 'blockIfConflictsFound' script failed: ${err.message}`,
        err,
      );
    }

    if (isError) {
      throw new BadRequestError(
        "Conflict: One or more assigned users have an overlapping shift or an approved leave request on this date. Please check user availability before assigning.",
      );
    }
    return isError;
  }
}

[7] Step : checkBasicAuth

Manager performs authentication and authorization checks: verifies session, user roles, permissions, and tenant restrictions.

You can use the following settings to change some behavior of this step. authOptions

[8] Step : buildDataClause

Manager constructs the final data object for creation, fills auto-generated fields (IDs, timestamps, owner fields), and ensures schema consistency.

You can use the following settings to change some behavior of this step. dataClause

[9] Step : mainCreateOperation

Manager executes the database insert operation, updates indexes/caches, and triggers internal post-processing like linked default records.

[10] Step : buildOutput

Manager shapes the response: masks sensitive fields, resolves linked references, and formats output according to API contract.

[11] Step : sendResponse

Manager sends the response to the client and finalizes internal tasks like flushing logs or updating session state.

[12] Step : raiseApiEvent

Manager triggers API-level events (Kafka, WebSocket, async workflows) as the final internal step.

Rest Usage

Rest Client Parameters

Client parameters are the api parameters that are visible to client and will be populated by the client. Note that some api parameters are not visible to client because they are populated by internal system, session, calculation or joint sources.

The createShift api has got 8 regular client parameters

Parameter Type Required Population
shiftDate Date true request.body?.[“shiftDate”]
startTime String true request.body?.[“startTime”]
endTime String true request.body?.[“endTime”]
location String false request.body?.[“location”]
departmentId ID false request.body?.[“departmentId”]
assignedUserIds ID false request.body?.[“assignedUserIds”]
assignedDepartmentIds ID false request.body?.[“assignedDepartmentIds”]
status Enum true request.body?.[“status”]

REST Request

To access the api you can use the REST controller with the path POST /v1/shifts

  axios({
    method: 'POST',
    url: '/v1/shifts',
    data: {
            shiftDate:"Date",  
            startTime:"String",  
            endTime:"String",  
            location:"String",  
            departmentId:"ID",  
            assignedUserIds:"ID",  
            assignedDepartmentIds:"ID",  
            status:"Enum",  
    
    },
    params: {
    
        }
  });

REST Response

The API response is encapsulated within a JSON envelope. Successful operations return an HTTP status code of 200 for get, list, update, or delete requests, and 201 for create requests. Each successful response includes a "status": "OK" property. For error handling, refer to the “Error Response” section.

Following JSON represents the most comprehensive form of the shift object in the respones. However, some properties may be omitted based on the object’s internal logic.

{
	"status": "OK",
	"statusCode": "201",
	"elapsedMs": 126,
	"ssoTime": 120,
	"source": "db",
	"cacheKey": "hexCode",
	"userId": "ID",
	"sessionId": "ID",
	"requestId": "ID",
	"dataName": "shift",
	"method": "POST",
	"action": "create",
	"appVersion": "Version",
	"rowCount": 1,
	"shift": {
		"id": "ID",
		"shiftDate": "Date",
		"startTime": "String",
		"endTime": "String",
		"location": "String",
		"departmentId": "ID",
		"assignedUserIds": "ID",
		"assignedDepartmentIds": "ID",
		"status": "Enum",
		"status_idx": "Integer",
		"createdBy": "ID",
		"companyId": "ID",
		"isActive": true,
		"recordVersion": "Integer",
		"createdAt": "Date",
		"updatedAt": "Date",
		"_owner": "ID"
	}
}